For example, some user agents "gray out" disabled menu items, button labels, etc. In this example, the INPUT element is disabled. Therefore, it cannot receive user input nor will its value be submitted with the form. The only way to modify dynamically the value of the disabled attribute is through a script. The readonly attribute specifies whether the control may be modified by the user.

When set, the readonly attribute has the following effects on an element:. The following elements support the readonly attribute: INPUT and TEXTAREA. The only way to modify dynamically the value of the readonly attribute is through a script. The method attribute of the FORM element specifies the HTTP method used to send the form to the processing agent. This attribute may take two values:. The "get" method should be used when the form is idempotent i.

Many database searches have no visible side-effects and make ideal applications for the "get" method. If the service associated with the processing of a form causes side effects for example, if the form modifies a database or subscription to a service , the "post" method should be used. The "get" method restricts form data set values to ASCII characters. A successful control is "valid" for submission. Every successful control has its control name paired with its current value as part of the submitted form data set.

A successful control must be defined within a FORM element and must have a control name. If a control doesn't have a current value when the form is submitted, user agents are not required to treat it as a successful control.

Hidden controls and controls that are not rendered because of style sheet settings may still be successful. For example:. will still cause a value to be paired with the name "invisible-password" and submitted with the form.

When the user submits a form e. The form data set is then encoded according to the content type specified by the enctype attribute of the FORM element.

Finally, the encoded data is sent to the processing agent designated by the action attribute using the protocol specified by the method attribute. This specification does not specify all valid submission methods or content types that may be used with forms.

However, HTML 4 user agents must support the established conventions in the following cases:. For any other value of action or method , behavior is unspecified. The enctype attribute of the FORM element specifies the content type used to encode the form data set for submission to the server. User agents must support the content types listed below. Behavior for other content types is unspecified.

Please also consult the section on escaping ampersands in URI attribute values. This is the default content type. Forms submitted with this content type must be encoded as follows:. Please consult the appendix for information about security issues for forms. The parts are sent to the processing agent in the same order the corresponding controls appear in the document stream.

Part boundaries should not occur in any of the data; how this is done lies outside the scope of this specification. User agents should supply the "Content-Type" header, accompanied by a "charset" parameter. As with all MIME transmissions, "CR LF" i. Each part may be encoded and the "Content-Transfer-Encoding" header supplied if the value of that part does not conform to the default 7BIT encoding see [RFC] , section 6.

If the contents of a file are submitted with a form, the file input should be identified by the appropriate content type e. The user agent should attempt to supply a file name for each submitted file. The file name may be specified with the "filename" parameter of the 'Content-Disposition: form-data' header, or, in the case of multiple files, in a 'Content-Disposition: file' header of the subpart.

If the file name of the client's operating system is not in US-ASCII, the file name might be approximated or encoded using the method of [RFC]. This is convenient for those cases where, for example, the uploaded files might contain references to each other e. sty" auxiliary style description. Suppose we have the following form:. If the user enters "Larry" in the text input, and selects the text file "file1. txt", the user agent might send back the following data:.

If the user selected a second image file "file2. gif", the user agent might construct the parts as follows:. previous next contents elements attributes index.

User agent behavior for a value other than an HTTP URI is undefined. Possible case-insensitive values are "get" the default and "post". See the section on form submission for usage information. The client must interpret this list as an exclusive-or list, i. User agents may use this information to filter out non-conforming files when prompting a user to select files to be sent to the server cf. This attribute has been included for backwards compatibility. Applications should use the id attribute to identify elements.

Attributes defined elsewhere id , class document-wide identifiers lang language information , dir text direction style inline style information title element title target target frame information onsubmit , onreset , onclick , ondblclick , onmousedown , onmouseup , onmouseover , onmousemove , onmouseout , onkeypress , onkeydown , onkeyup intrinsic events.

form contents The default value for this attribute is "text". It is optional except when the type attribute has the value "radio" or "checkbox". The width is given in pixels except when type attribute has the value "text" or "password". In that case, its value refers to the integer number of characters.

This number may exceed the specified size , in which case the user agent should offer a scrolling mechanism. The default value for this attribute is an unlimited number. checked [CI] When the type attribute has the value "radio" or "checkbox", this boolean attribute specifies that the button is on.

User agents must ignore this attribute for other control types. Attributes defined elsewhere id , class document-wide identifiers lang language information , dir text direction title element title style inline style information alt alternate text align alignment accept legal content types for a server readonly read-only input controls disabled disabled input controls tabindex tabbing navigation accesskey access keys usemap client-side image maps ismap server-side image maps onfocus , onblur , onselect , onchange , onclick , ondblclick , onmousedown , onmouseup , onmouseover , onmousemove , onmouseout , onkeypress , onkeydown , onkeyup intrinsic events.

Possible values: submit: Creates a submit button. This is the default value. reset: Creates a reset button. button: Creates a push button. Attributes defined elsewhere id , class document-wide identifiers lang language information , dir text direction title element title style inline style information disabled disabled input controls accesskey access keys tabindex tabbing navigation onfocus , onblur , onclick , ondblclick , onmousedown , onmouseup , onmouseover , onmousemove , onmouseout , onkeypress , onkeydown , onkeyup intrinsic events.

ILLEGAL EXAMPLE: The following is not legal HTML. Visual user agents are not required to present a SELECT element as a list box; they may use any other mechanism, such as a drop-down menu. multiple [CI] If set, this boolean attribute allows multiple selections. If not set, the SELECT element only permits single selections. Attributes defined elsewhere id , class document-wide identifiers lang language information , dir text direction title element title style inline style information disabled disabled input controls tabindex tabbing navigation onclick , ondblclick , onmousedown , onmouseup , onmouseover , onmousemove , onmouseout , onkeypress , onkeydown , onkeyup intrinsic events.

Attributes defined elsewhere id , class document-wide identifiers lang language information , dir text direction title element title style inline style information disabled disabled input controls onclick , ondblclick , onmousedown , onmouseup , onmouseover , onmousemove , onmouseout , onkeypress , onkeydown , onkeyup intrinsic events.

OPTION Attribute definitions selected [CI] When set, this boolean attribute specifies that this option is pre-selected. If this attribute is not set, the initial value is set to the contents of the OPTION element.

When specified, user agents should use the value of this attribute rather than the content of the OPTION element as the option label. A graphical user agent might render this as: This image shows a SELECT element rendered as cascading menus. Users should be able to enter more lines than this, so user agents should provide some means to scroll through the contents of the control when the contents extend beyond the visible area. Users should be able to enter longer lines than this, so user agents should provide some means to scroll through the contents of the control when the contents extend beyond the visible area.

User agents may wrap visible text lines to keep long lines visible without the need for scrolling. Attributes defined elsewhere id , class document-wide identifiers lang language information , dir text direction title element title style inline style information readonly read-only input controls disabled disabled input controls tabindex tabbing navigation onfocus , onblur , onselect , onchange , onclick , ondblclick , onmousedown , onmouseup , onmouseover , onmousemove , onmouseout , onkeypress , onkeydown , onkeyup intrinsic events.

Second line of initial text. This attribute specifies a prompt string for the input field. Attributes defined elsewhere id , class document-wide identifiers lang language information , dir text direction title element title style inline style information. When present, the value of this attribute must be the same as the value of the id attribute of some other control in the same document.

California voters have now received their mail ballots, and the November 8 general election has entered its final stage. Amid rising prices and economic uncertainty—as well as deep partisan divisions over social and political issues—Californians are processing a great deal of information to help them choose state constitutional officers and state legislators and to make policy decisions about state propositions.

The midterm election also features a closely divided Congress, with the likelihood that a few races in California may determine which party controls the US House.

These are among the key findings of a statewide survey on state and national issues conducted from October 14 to 23 by the Public Policy Institute of California:. Today, there is a wide partisan divide: seven in ten Democrats are optimistic about the direction of the state, while 91 percent of Republicans and 59 percent of independents are pessimistic.

Californians are much more pessimistic about the direction of the country than they are about the direction of the state. Majorities across all demographic groups and partisan groups, as well as across regions, are pessimistic about the direction of the United States.

A wide partisan divide exists: most Democrats and independents say their financial situation is about the same as a year ago, while solid majorities of Republicans say they are worse off.

Regionally, about half in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles say they are about the same, while half in the Central Valley say they are worse off; residents elsewhere are divided between being worse off and the same. The shares saying they are worse off decline as educational attainment increases. Strong majorities across partisan groups feel negatively, but Republicans and independents are much more likely than Democrats to say the economy is in poor shape.

Today, majorities across partisan, demographic, and regional groups say they are following news about the gubernatorial election either very or fairly closely. In the upcoming November 8 election, there will be seven state propositions for voters.

Due to time constraints, our survey only asked about three ballot measures: Propositions 26, 27, and For each, we read the proposition number, ballot, and ballot label. Two of the state ballot measures were also included in the September survey Propositions 27 and 30 , while Proposition 26 was not. This measure would allow in-person sports betting at racetracks and tribal casinos, requiring that racetracks and casinos offering sports betting make certain payments to the state to support state regulatory costs.

It also allows roulette and dice games at tribal casinos and adds a new way to enforce certain state gambling laws. Fewer than half of likely voters say the outcome of each of these state propositions is very important to them. Today, 21 percent of likely voters say the outcome of Prop 26 is very important, 31 percent say the outcome of Prop 27 is very important, and 42 percent say the outcome of Prop 30 is very important.

Today, when it comes to the importance of the outcome of Prop 26, one in four or fewer across partisan groups say it is very important to them. About one in three across partisan groups say the outcome of Prop 27 is very important to them. Fewer than half across partisan groups say the outcome of Prop 30 is very important to them. When asked how they would vote if the election for the US House of Representatives were held today, 56 percent of likely voters say they would vote for or lean toward the Democratic candidate, while 39 percent would vote for or lean toward the Republican candidate.

Democratic candidates are preferred by a point margin in Democratic-held districts, while Republican candidates are preferred by a point margin in Republican-held districts. Abortion is another prominent issue in this election. When asked about the importance of abortion rights, 61 percent of likely voters say the issue is very important in determining their vote for Congress and another 20 percent say it is somewhat important; just 17 percent say it is not too or not at all important.

With the controlling party in Congress hanging in the balance, 51 percent of likely voters say they are extremely or very enthusiastic about voting for Congress this year; another 29 percent are somewhat enthusiastic while 19 percent are either not too or not at all enthusiastic. Today, Democrats and Republicans have about equal levels of enthusiasm, while independents are much less likely to be extremely or very enthusiastic.

As Californians prepare to vote in the upcoming midterm election, fewer than half of adults and likely voters are satisfied with the way democracy is working in the United States—and few are very satisfied. Satisfaction was higher in our February survey when 53 percent of adults and 48 percent of likely voters were satisfied with democracy in America.

Today, half of Democrats and about four in ten independents are satisfied, compared to about one in five Republicans.

Notably, four in ten Republicans are not at all satisfied. In addition to the lack of satisfaction with the way democracy is working, Californians are divided about whether Americans of different political positions can still come together and work out their differences. Forty-nine percent are optimistic, while 46 percent are pessimistic.

Today, in a rare moment of bipartisan agreement, about four in ten Democrats, Republicans, and independents are optimistic that Americans of different political views will be able to come together. Notably, in , half or more across parties, regions, and demographic groups were optimistic. Today, about eight in ten Democrats—compared to about half of independents and about one in ten Republicans—approve of Governor Newsom. Across demographic groups, about half or more approve of how Governor Newsom is handling his job.

Approval of Congress among adults has been below 40 percent for all of after seeing a brief run above 40 percent for all of Democrats are far more likely than Republicans to approve of Congress.

Fewer than half across regions and demographic groups approve of Congress. Approval in March was at 44 percent for adults and 39 percent for likely voters.

Across demographic groups, about half or more approve among women, younger adults, African Americans, Asian Americans, and Latinos. Views are similar across education and income groups, with just fewer than half approving. Approval in March was at 41 percent for adults and 36 percent for likely voters. Across regions, approval reaches a majority only in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Across demographic groups, approval reaches a majority only among African Americans. This map highlights the five geographic regions for which we present results; these regions account for approximately 90 percent of the state population.

Residents of other geographic areas in gray are included in the results reported for all adults, registered voters, and likely voters, but sample sizes for these less-populous areas are not large enough to report separately.

The PPIC Statewide Survey is directed by Mark Baldassare, president and CEO and survey director at the Public Policy Institute of California.

Coauthors of this report include survey analyst Deja Thomas, who was the project manager for this survey; associate survey director and research fellow Dean Bonner; and survey analyst Rachel Lawler.

The Californians and Their Government survey is supported with funding from the Arjay and Frances F. Findings in this report are based on a survey of 1, California adult residents, including 1, interviewed on cell phones and interviewed on landline telephones. The sample included respondents reached by calling back respondents who had previously completed an interview in PPIC Statewide Surveys in the last six months. Interviews took an average of 19 minutes to complete.

Interviewing took place on weekend days and weekday nights from October 14—23, Cell phone interviews were conducted using a computer-generated random sample of cell phone numbers.

Additionally, we utilized a registration-based sample RBS of cell phone numbers for adults who are registered to vote in California. All cell phone numbers with California area codes were eligible for selection.

After a cell phone user was reached, the interviewer verified that this person was age 18 or older, a resident of California, and in a safe place to continue the survey e. Cell phone respondents were offered a small reimbursement to help defray the cost of the call. Cell phone interviews were conducted with adults who have cell phone service only and with those who have both cell phone and landline service in the household.

Landline interviews were conducted using a computer-generated random sample of telephone numbers that ensured that both listed and unlisted numbers were called.

Additionally, we utilized a registration-based sample RBS of landline phone numbers for adults who are registered to vote in California. All landline telephone exchanges in California were eligible for selection. For both cell phones and landlines, telephone numbers were called as many as eight times. When no contact with an individual was made, calls to a number were limited to six.

Also, to increase our ability to interview Asian American adults, we made up to three additional calls to phone numbers estimated by Survey Sampling International as likely to be associated with Asian American individuals. Accent on Languages, Inc. The survey sample was closely comparable to the ACS figures. To estimate landline and cell phone service in California, Abt Associates used state-level estimates released by the National Center for Health Statistics—which used data from the National Health Interview Survey NHIS and the ACS.

The estimates for California were then compared against landline and cell phone service reported in this survey. We also used voter registration data from the California Secretary of State to compare the party registration of registered voters in our sample to party registration statewide.

The sampling error, taking design effects from weighting into consideration, is ±3. This means that 95 times out of , the results will be within 3. The sampling error for unweighted subgroups is larger: for the 1, registered voters, the sampling error is ±4. With just a click, you can apply one of nine photo filters inspired by classic photography styles to your photos. Use the Share menu to easily share photos via Shared Albums and AirDrop. Or send photos to your favorite photo sharing destinations, such as Facebook and Twitter.

You can also customize the menu and share directly to other compatible sites that offer sharing extensions. Making high-quality projects and special gifts for loved ones is easier than ever with Photos. Create everything from gorgeous photo books to professionally framed gallery prints to stunning websites using third-party project extensions like Motif, Mimeo Photos, Shutterfly, ifolor, WhiteWall, Mpix, Fujifilm, and Wix.

Download third-party extensions from the Mac App Store. Photos for macOS. A smarter way to find your favorites. Focus on your best shots. Your memories. Now playing. Fill your library, not your device. The best way to share photos with your family. And more. Light Brilliance, a slider in Light, automatically brightens dark areas and pulls in highlights to reveal hidden details and make your photo look richer and more vibrant.

Make your photo stand out by adjusting saturation, color contrast, and color cast. Add some drama by taking the color out.

Fine-tune intensity and tone, or add grain for a film-quality black-and-white effect. Make fine-tuned contrast and color adjustments to your photos. Adjust midtones, highlights, and shadows to perfect the tonal balance in your photo. Increase image clarity by adjusting the definition slider.

An HTML form is a section of a document containing normal content, markup, special elements called controls checkboxes, radio buttons, menus, etc. Users generally "complete" a form by modifying its controls entering text, selecting menu items, etc. Here's a simple form that includes labels, radio buttons, and push buttons reset the form or submit it :. This specification includes more detailed information about forms in the subsections on form display issues.

Users interact with forms through named controls. A control's "control name" is given by its name attribute. The scope of the name attribute for a control within a FORM element is the FORM element. Each control has both an initial value and a current value, both of which are character strings.

Please consult the definition of each control for information about initial values and possible constraints on values imposed by the control. In general, a control's "initial value" may be specified with the control element's value attribute.

However, the initial value of a TEXTAREA element is given by its contents, and the initial value of an OBJECT element in a form is determined by the object implementation i.

The control's "current value" is first set to the initial value. Thereafter, the control's current value may be modified through user interaction and scripts.

A control's initial value does not change. Thus, when a form is reset, each control's current value is reset to its initial value. If a control does not have an initial value, the effect of a form reset on that control is undefined. When a form is submitted for processing, some controls have their name paired with their current value and these pairs are submitted with the form.

Authors should specify the scripting language of a push button script through a default script declaration with the META element. Authors create buttons with the BUTTON element or the INPUT element. Please consult the definitions of these elements for details about specifying different button types. Authors should note that the BUTTON element offers richer rendering capabilities than the INPUT element.

Several checkboxes in a form may share the same control name. Thus, for example, checkboxes allow users to select several values for the same property. The INPUT element is used to create a checkbox control.

Since user agent behavior differs, authors should ensure that in each set of radio buttons that one is initially "on". The elements used to create controls generally appear inside a FORM element, but may also appear outside of a FORM element declaration when they are used to build user interfaces.

This is discussed in the section on intrinsic events. Note that controls outside a form cannot be successful controls. The default value for this attribute is the reserved string "UNKNOWN". User agents may interpret this value as the character encoding that was used to transmit the document containing this FORM element. The FORM element acts as a container for controls. It specifies:. A form can contain text and markup paragraphs, lists, etc. in addition to form controls.

The following example shows a form that is to be processed by the "adduser" program when submitted. The form will be sent to the program using the HTTP "post" method. Please consult the section on form submission for information about how user agents must prepare form data for servers and how user agents should handle expected responses. Further discussion on the behavior of servers that receive form data is beyond the scope of this specification. The control type defined by the INPUT element depends on the value of the type attribute:.

Application designers should note that this mechanism affords only light security protection. Although the password is masked by user agents from casual observers, it is transmitted to the server in clear text, and may be read by anyone with low-level access to the network. When a pointing device is used to click on the image, the form is submitted and the click coordinates passed to the server. The x value is measured in pixels from the left of the image, and the y value in pixels from the top of the image.

The submitted data includes name. If the server takes different actions depending on the location clicked, users of non-graphical browsers will be disadvantaged. For this reason, authors should consider alternate approaches:. The following sample HTML fragment defines a simple form that allows the user to enter a first name, last name, email address, and gender. When the submit button is activated, the form will be sent to the program specified by the action attribute.

In the section on the LABEL element, we discuss marking up labels such as "First name". In this next example, the JavaScript function name verify is triggered when the "onclick" event occurs:. Please consult the section on intrinsic events for more information about scripting and events. The following example shows how the contents of a user-specified file may be submitted with a form.

The user is prompted for his or her name and a list of file names whose contents should be submitted with the form. Buttons created with the BUTTON element function just like buttons created with the INPUT element, but they offer richer rendering possibilities: the BUTTON element may have content. For example, a BUTTON element that contains an image functions like and may resemble an INPUT element whose type is set to "image", but the BUTTON element type allows content. The following example expands a previous example, but creates submit and reset buttons with BUTTON instead of INPUT.

The buttons contain images by way of the IMG element. Recall that authors must provide alternate text for an IMG element. It is illegal to associate an image map with an IMG that appears as the contents of a BUTTON element.

The SELECT element creates a menu. Each choice offered by the menu is represented by an OPTION element. A SELECT element must contain at least one OPTION element. The OPTGROUP element allows authors to group choices logically.

This is particularly helpful when the user must choose from a long list of options; groups of related choices are easier to grasp and remember than a single long list of options. In HTML 4, all OPTGROUP elements must be specified directly within a SELECT element i.

Zero or more choices may be pre-selected for the user. User agents should determine which choices are pre-selected as follows:. Since user agent behavior differs, authors should ensure that each menu includes a default pre-selected OPTION. Implementors are advised that future versions of HTML may extend the grouping mechanism to allow for nested groups i.

This will allow authors to represent a richer hierarchy of choices. When rendering a menu choice , user agents should use the value of the label attribute of the OPTION element as the choice.

If this attribute is not specified, user agents should use the contents of the OPTION element. The label attribute of the OPTGROUP element specifies the label for a group of choices.

In this example, we create a menu that allows the user to select which of seven software components to install. The first and second components are pre-selected but may be deselected by the user. The remaining components are not pre-selected. The size attribute states that the menu should only have 4 rows even though the user may select from among 7 options.

The other options should be made available through a scrolling mechanism. The SELECT is followed by submit and reset buttons. Only selected options will be successful using the control name "component-select". When no options are selected, the control is not successful and neither the name nor any values are submitted to the server when the form is submitted.

Note that where the value attribute is set, it determines the control's initial value , otherwise it's the element's contents. In this example we use the OPTGROUP element to group choices. The following markup:. Visual user agents may allow users to select from option groups through a hierarchical menu or some other mechanism that reflects the structure of choices. This image shows a SELECT element rendered as cascading menus. The top label of the menu displays the currently selected value PortMaster 3, 3.

The user has unfurled two cascading menus, but has not yet selected the new value PortMaster 2, 3. Note that each cascading menu displays the label of an OPTGROUP or OPTION element.

The TEXTAREA element creates a multi-line text input control. User agents should use the contents of this element as the initial value of the control and should render this text initially.

This example creates a TEXTAREA control that is 20 rows by 80 columns and contains two lines of text initially. The TEXTAREA is followed by submit and reset buttons. Setting the readonly attribute allows authors to display unmodifiable text in a TEXTAREA. This differs from using standard marked-up text in a document because the value of TEXTAREA is submitted with the form. ISINDEX is deprecated. This element creates a single-line text input control. Authors should use the INPUT element to create text input controls.

The ISINDEX element creates a single-line text input control that allows any number of characters.

Edward 25 February Paul Getty Trust Sandra Celedon President and CEO Fresno Building Healthy Communities A. They have not decided on a specific name a third gender option should have, but cite recommendations as "divers", "inter", "offen". Argentina Australia Canada Chile China Colombia France Germany Kenya Malta Mexico Nepal New Zealand South Africa Spain Switzerland Taiwan Uganda United Kingdom United States military. previous next contents elements attributes index. Retrieved 15 April

Categories:

• Forex
• Forex Brokers
• Binary Options online
• Forex Bitcoin
• Binary Options